Can one device use several SIMs or eSIMs?¶

A seized phone may support more than one mobile subscription.

Evidential caution: that one handset has one number and one network identity.

What this means¶

Many devices support dual SIMs, multiple eSIM profiles or a combination of physical SIM and eSIM.

The device may therefore use several telephone numbers, IMSIs and provider accounts. Some profiles may be active at the same time; others may be stored but inactive.

This can divide calls, messages and data activity across different subscriptions while the same device and applications remain in use.

Provider records may show different subscriptions using the same device identifier. Device settings and forensic data may help establish when profiles were added, removed or selected.

Also consider messaging accounts that continue over internet access even after a SIM is removed or replaced.

Build a timeline linking subscription, device and account activity.

Where records disagree, retain the discrepancy and establish whether it reflects timing, replacement, transfer or collection method.

What to check or do next¶

• Preserve all SIM slots, eSIM profiles, telephone numbers, IMSIs, ICCIDs and IMEIs. Record which profiles were active and which were disabled.
• Record the source of each identifier and preserve the original records so the relationship can be tested later.
• Record the source of each identifier and preserve the original records so the relationship can be tested later.

Evidential limits¶

Do not assume that every stored profile was used by the same person or during the relevant period. A device may have been shared, transferred or configured by another user.