Does a location record prove the user was there?¶

No. It may place or estimate a device or account, while the handset could be shared, left, carried by another person or represented by another linked device.

Validate the location record¶

Identify source, accuracy, timestamp and whether it was local, automatic or synchronised. A broad cell area should not become an address, and even a GPS point needs quality and context.

Attribute the device at that time¶

Use possession, device use, communications, photographs, CCTV, travel, transactions and witnesses. Describe the device as recorded or estimated in an area until corroboration supports a person-level conclusion.