What is an issuing bank?¶

An issuing bank provides the customer's card account and records its authorisation, authentication and account impact. It does not hold every merchant-side record.

Issuer data explains the card side¶

Records can include customer relationship, card or token, authorisation request and response, authentication, wallet provisioning, risk alerts, status changes and disputes. Its times may describe authorisation or posting, and merchant information may be abbreviated through other providers.

Add the purchase evidence¶

Preserve issuer reference, authorisation code, card or token, descriptor, amount, time and status. Establish whether the route was present, not present, tokenised, recurring or merchant-initiated and obtain security and endpoint data for attribution.

Merchant order, delivery, staff and CCTV evidence usually sits with merchant, processor or acquirer. Report issuer and merchant observations separately.