What evidence may exist in browser history?¶

Browser artefacts can reconstruct the route into a payment service or checkout. A visited page or authenticated cookie does not by itself prove transaction completion or identify the user.

The browser records access, not necessarily intent¶

URLs, titles, searches, times, downloads, cache, cookies, forms, bookmarks, extensions and sessions may show banking, links, merchants, exchanges, explorers or wallet interfaces. Pages can open through redirects, advertisements or background activity, and timestamps usually record loading rather than authorisation.

Follow the sequence to an external record¶

Preserve the complete profile and underlying databases, not only the visible list. Consider private browsing, synchronisation and multiple profiles. Compare search or message, login, checkout and receipt artefacts with provider logs, authentication and transaction time.

Distinguish page visit, account access, payment attempt and completed transfer.